FAMILY STORIES

Mead. At nine months, Clara's father died suddenly from double pneumonia, and her mother was hospitalized for surgery in Lincoln Hospital. In 1919, Clara, her mother, Tena, and Grandfather Mumm moved to Yutan. Clara was baptized and confirmed in St. John's Lutheran Church, Yutan. She attended Sunday School, Luther League, and Choir, and later taught Sunday School. Clara graduated from Yutan High in 1933.

   Ben was born to Dorretta Faudel and August Malchow on Aug. 26, 1909. He had 3 brothers and one sister. Ben was baptized and confirmed in the Lutheran Church, Wisner. It was here where Ben and Clara met in 1931. Ben had attended country and high school at Beemer. Before Ben married, he helped his father farm and raise hogs. On February 7, 1934, Clara and Ben were married in St. John's, Yutan. A dinner reception was held at the home of the bride.

   They lived on her mother, Tena Berger's, farm which she had struggled to save after her husband's sudden death. Clara's mother lived with them many years. This was Depression years. For four years Ben raised very little. Ben farmed with four horses, milked by hand, picked corn by hand. Small grain was put in shocks. Then neighbors got together and threshed the grain. Women cooked on wood-cob ranges to feed 12 to 14 men. No modern conveniences, electricity, or running water until 1940. Ben also raised hogs and chickens.

   On January 13, 1937, they were blessed with a wonderful son, Ardven. On March 15, 1938, they were blessed again with a darling daughter, Arvona Kathryn.

   In 1939, Ben bought his first John Deere B tractor, plow, and cultivator; in 1948 he bought a one-row ear corn picker. In 1966, he bought a 4020 John Deere tractor and additional equipment. Ben also went from hand milking to Grade A setup. Finally, in 1969, Ben and Ardven improved with a 6-row self-propelled sheller-corn combine.

   While raising her children, Clara was active in Ladies Aid, L.C.W., Christian Service in Lutheran Church, holding offices, and also in Extension Clubs. Ben served as councilman, usher, and a member of the Farmers Union at Mead and Wahoo. On Feb. 7, 1959, Ben and Clara celebrated their Silver Anniversary with Open House in church.

   Since neither had a college education they saved for Ardven's and Arvona's four years at Midland College, Fremont. Both got Bachelor of Arts degrees. Son Ardven helps farm summers and vacations.

   Arvona married Gerald Cleaver in the Yutan church. They have two sons, Jerry and Craig. Ardven married Kathryn Smith in a Wahoo church. They have one daughter, Suzanne Kay.

   Ben and Clara moved on July 3 to their new home one mile east. Ben and Ardven helped with the building. They had lived on the farm since 1934. Today they are enjoying lifelong and new friends in the community. Ben still enjoys helping their son who farms all their land, plus all his own. The land is mostly irrigated now. Family gatherings and grandchildren, Suzanne Malchow and Jerry and Craig Cleaver, help keep them younger in heart. By Clara Malchow

   The Joseph Malek family came to the United States from Moravia in May, 1906, the year of the greatest migration to the United States. The family consisted of father, Joseph Malek, mother, Anna (Jasa) Malek and children, Emma, William, Anna and Bessie and a son, Charles who died in infancy.

   The family left Znaim, Moravia, Czechoslovakia, then still known as Austria-Hungary. At Bremen, Germany one-year-old Bessie became sick. Mother and child were confined to a hospital. The father, with the three other children, stayed in a hotel until mother and baby were discharged. From there we were transferred to a vessel that took us to a much larger ship that would take us across the Atlantic Ocean farther out. Father pointed out the North Sea and the coast line of the British Island and later the delta of the Mississippi river. Father spent his last nickel for bananas which was a big treat for us.

Joseph Malek family -- 1918: Father Joseph Malek, Mother Anna Malek; Children: Emma, William, Anna, and Bessie.

   The trip lasted over three weeks. We didn't get off at Ellis Island but went farther south and stopped at the Harbor of Baltimore. No one disembarked, only exchanged cargo. Then, farther south, when we reached the port of Galveston, Texas, we got off. From there we went by train to Nebraska where we stayed with relatives in Thurston and Colon. In about 1909, we settled in Wahoo, where Anna and Bessie still reside and where Bessie and Clarence still live on the homeplace.

   Father worked as a section hand on the railroad until he later established his own shoe repair shop. After his death, his nephew, James Jasa, purchased and operated it.

   Emma attended school in Znaim for three years. At this time, Znaim was in Germany as the country then was known as Austria-Hungary until after the first World War. Then it became Czechoslovakia (Bohemia, Moravia, and Slovakia). Our part of the country was in Moravia. When the classmates learned we were going to America they said, "Oh, that's a bad place to go. They had a terrible earthquake there in 1906 and it destroyed San Francisco."

   Once in America, the study of English was most important. Czech was spoken in the home. German was somewhat neglected and our education started again in the first grade in a country school in Thurston.

   The families of Joseph and Anna Malek follow. Emma was married in 1924 to Edward Bernhagen. Edward died in 1967. They had four children, Edwin, Herbert, Ruth and John. William married Zella Hurst in 1926; he died in 1969. They had two children, Kenneth and Darlene. Anna married Oswald Justsen in 1937; he died in 1945. They had two children, William and Robert. Bessie married Clarence Martinson in 1941. Compiled by Emma Malek Bernhagen

   When my husband and I would take our young sons to visit my parent's farm near Prague, Nebraska, their concern wasn't in its family significance, but with how much fun they could have. My brother, Edward Kratky Jr., presently lives there, and is the fourth generation of Kratkys to till its soil.

   As a young girl growing up in the country, I can recall trudging through snowdrifts to get to School District 73, a mile and half away. There was always plenty of wood to bring inside to keep the fire burning in the stove that heated the classroom. The water was hard to pump on those cold winter mornings. When the weather was bad, the teacher often slept overnight at school. And I can remember endless days of adventure, playing in the creek that winds through our property with my sister, Janice, and brothers: Eddie, Richard, Ron and Gary.

   Anton Kratky, my great-grandfather, was the first generation to farm near Prague. He and his wife, Antonia Dolezal Kratky, immigrated to America from Strizov, Moravia in 1873. They had eight children, four girls and four boys.

   Their son, Frank Kratky Sr., married Anna Rybnicek in 1885. They lived on a farm north of Prague, moved to Wahoo for a few years, then moved back to Prague in 1897. From this marriage ten children were born. All of them helped in some way to build the house on the present property which was purchased in the 1940's by Edward Kratky, Sr.

   My father, Edward Kratky, Sr., was the youngest of the ten, and farmed the land for over forty years before retiring to Prague in 1966, where he and Mother presently live. He married my mother, Hattie Kohout, on November 7, 1928. Hattie's parents, Josephine Sedlacek and Joseph Kohout, were from Poline, Czechoslovakia, and farmed near Rescue, Nebraska since 1890. My parents led busy lives tending to six children, plus all the work that accompanies farm life. My father still found time to do carpentry work, and my mother always raised a large garden.

   My husband, Reynold Malousek, and I reside with our four sons, Mark, Curt, Todd and Steve, in Wahoo. We enjoy digging through old treasures stored in the attic and rafters on the Prague farm. Not only does the old homestead serve today to unite us at gatherings, but it brought together other families from other countries many years ago. Submitted by: Georgianne Malousek

   Edward J. Maly and Helen J. Maly were married on November 18, 1924 at Weston at Saint John Nepomocene Church. Edward was the son of John R. Maly and Antonia Prochaska of Weston. He was born on February 27, 1902 and died on October 21, 1974 of cancer of the lymph nodes. He was one of six children who were Sophie, Fred, John, Edward, Ben, and Henry.

Edward and Helen Maly

   Helen J. Maly was the daughter of John F. Maly and Stazie Wahl of Weston. Helen was born on October 7, 1902. There were six children in this family, Joe, Emil, Frank, Rose, Helen, and Emma. Rose died in infancy.

   When Ed and Helen married, they moved to a farm near Weston and were involved in farming all their lives.

   They had two children, Lumir, born November 14, 1929, and Patricia Bennett, born March 28, 1932. Their grandchildren are Lu, Lynn, Lorene, and Lyle Maly and Allan Bennett. Allan has had muscular dystrophy since infancy.

   In June of 1972, Ed and Helen built a home in Weston where Helen now resides. By Helen Maly

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   John Maly was born in Jamolice, Moravia in Czechoslovakia on December 21, 1865. He was married to Antonia Prochaska on September 8, 1887 in Jamolice. She was born in the same village on January 13, 1865.

Mr. and Mrs. John R. Maly -- 50th Wedding Anniversary, Fall, 1947

   A daughter, Sophia, was born in Europe before they came to America in 1889. It took them 21 days to cross the ocean; it rained and stormed all during the trip.

   They came to Saunders County and lived most of their lives on a farm southwest of Weston. Five sons were born to them: Ferdinand, Edward, Bohumil, John, and Henry. Retirement years were enjoyed in their home in Weston.

   John died January 17, 1953 and his wife passed away eleven months later on November 16, 1953. They are buried at the St. John's Cemetery near the church where they faithfully attended services.

   Lumir L. Maly and Dolores Mae Pospisil were united in marriage on October 22, 1955 at SS. Cyril and Methodius Church at Plasi. Lumir is the son of Edward J. Maly and Helen Maly Maly of Weston. Dolores is the daughter of Emil Pospisil and Lydia Jambor Pospisil of Malmo. Lumir has one sister, Patricia Bennett, of Lincoln. Dolores has one brother, Roland, of Weston; and two sisters, Joan Steinbach of Malmo, and Bernice Roberson of Salt Lake City, Utah.

Front Row, L. to R.: Dolores Maly, Michael Murman, Lynn Maly Murman, Lu Maly, Sally Brandt, and Lumir Maly; Back Row: Lyle Maly and Lorene Maly.

   Lumir attended school at Rural School District 76 and graduated from Weston High School. He enlisted in the United States Navy in 1952 and served until 1954. Since his return he has been farming near Weston. Lumir lost four fingers of his right hand in a corn picker accident in 1957 on his father's farm. Lumir enjoys baseball and coached many American Legion-sponsored Little League baseball teams throughout the years.

   Dolores went to school at Malmo. She attended Midland College at Fremont and received a Bachelor of Science Degree at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln in 1971. Dolores taught Rural School District 34 from 1953 to 1956. She has been teaching at Rural School District 70 from 1965 to the present time.

   Lumir and Dolores have four children, two of whom are now married. The children attended school at Weston Public School, St. John's School at Weston, and graduated from Bishop Neumann High School at Wahoo.

   Lu Allan was born in 1956. Lu received a Bachelor of Science degree at the University of Nebraska in 1979. He taught and coached at Oakland-Craig. In 1982, Lu earned a Master's Degree at UNL. He is presently teaching and coaching at Kline School District in Houston, Texas. Lu was married to Sally E. Brandt on December 4, 1981, at St. Mary's Cathedral in Lincoln. Sally is the daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Ray Brandt of Alliance. Sally attended the University of Nebraska and is now working for a real estate firm in Houston.

   Lynn Marie was born in 1957. Lynn graduated from UNL in 1979. Lynn is now in her fourth year of elementary teaching at Bennet, Nebraska. Lynn and her husband, Michael Murman, live in Lincoln. Lynn and Mike were married on August 11, 1980 at St. John's Church in Weston. Mike is the son of Dr. and Mrs. Elmer Murman of Hastings. Mike graduated from the University of Nebraska in 1979 and is a management consultant for Selection Research, Inc. of Lincoln.

   Lorene Anne was born in 1959. Lorene received a Bachelor of Science Degree from Kearney State College in 1981. Lorene is now in her second year of teaching at Tomball, Texas, a suburb of Houston. She lives at Spring, Texas.

   Lyle Dean was born in 1961. Lyle graduated from Southeast Community College, Milford in December of 1980. He has been employed as a Diesel mechanic at Rose Equipment in Lincoln since January, 1981, to the present time. Lyle resides in Lincoln.

   Lumir and Dolores Maly are now living in the village of Weston, Nebraska in the former Louis Chapek residence.

   We were both born and lived our entire lives in Saunders Co.

   I, Helen, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Tvrdy, was born on a farm. Our mailing address at the time was Swedeburg, Nebraska. I attended grade school in Dist. 32 and graduated from Wahoo High School, class of 1923. I taught school in Dist 113 and 49.

   William, "Bill," was born in Touhy, Nebraska, son of Mr. and Mrs. James C. Maly.

   He attended school in Dist 18 and 111 -- Touhy, Ne. He worked on the farm with his parents. His occupation was farming, but his main interest was baseball. He played on the Valparaiso team.

   We were married in 1928. His parents retired to Omaha and we took over the family farm near Touhy. We belong to St. Vitus Catholic Church in Touhy. Our social life was centered around the church with relatives, friends and neighbors.

   There were hard times: the Depression, drought, grasshoppers, low prices. Rural people gave up telephones. The Telephone Co. took down the lines and poles. We got used to being without a phone and it was about 1965 that we again had a telephone.

   We had three children: Mildred (Mrs. Victor Roh); Wilma Jean (Mrs. Don Wolfe); and Donald.

Mr. and Mrs. William J. Maly -- 50th Wedding Anniversary

   The R.E.A. came into the rural area about 1950. So during the time the children were small, we didn't have refrigeration, lights, power, etc. I had a Maytag washing machine with a gasoline engine. We had a radio, powered by a storage battery.

   There was sickness, too, but the doctor came to the home.

   Farming was different then, too. We had a tractor, but most of the field work was done with horses. And most farms were 160 acres.

   And I remember the dirt roads. When it was dry the dust rose in clouds. When it was wet the roads were impassable, except to horse-drawn vehicles.

   However, farming was our life and we survived. Then came the war. Farm boys went to war. Women went to work in defense plants and did many jobs women had never done before. It would never be the same again.

   My husband died in 1980. I'm still living on a neighboring farm. Donald and his family now operate the family farm.

   Howard Bell Manners graduated from Luther College, Wahoo, and from Midland College, and held a wide variety of jobs, serving in World War II with the Seabees, and as Chief Electrician's Mate in the U.S. Navy. He was variously an athletic coach, insurance salesman, rodeo director, high school band and chorus director, piano tuner, etc. He married Pauline Nagel in Sioux City, Iowa in 1931. They had four children, John Roger, Stanley Howard, Carolyn Bell, and Joanne.

   John Roger now lives with his wife, Milly, and two children in South Sioux City, Nebraska, where he works for the U.S. Postal Service. Stanley Howard and his wife live in Salem, Oregon where he is a free-lance inventor and product developer. Carolyn lives in Sioux City with her husband, Curtis Stoever, and their son, Craig. Joanne also lived in Sioux City with her husband, John Marrinan, and children. After a divorce, Howard married Violet Emerson in 1941, and they became the parents of two daughters, Valerie Faith, Florida, and Stephanie Rae, who lives in Omaha with her husband, Robert Mason. Their mother died in 1968.

   Howard died in Oregon in 1974. Pauline Manners lives in Sioux City with her youngest child, Joanne Marrinan.

   Ida May Holmes, fourth child of Joseph and Mary Jane Manners, was born Oct. 6, 1865, in Louisa County, Iowa and died July 19, 1957 in Creston, Iowa. She was married in Wahoo to Louis E. Holmes on Oct. 6, 1884. They lived in Wahoo and

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Minden, Nebraska, and in Afton and Creston, Iowa, and were the parents of Lola, Mabel, Margaret, Andrew Howard, and Josephine. Lola and Mabel died in Wahoo as small children.

   Margaret Holmes was married in Afton, Iowa to Harry Coen of Creston on Sept. 8, 1916. The Coens were parents of four children, Edward H., Harriett, John Manners, and Margaret Josephine, all born in Creston, Iowa. Andrew Howard was married to Lola Hutzell in Afton, Iowa on Aug. 1, 1917. Their children were JoAnne and Louis Edward, who came to Wahoo to live with their grandmother, Ida M. Holmes, to be educated in the Wahoo Public Schools during the 1930's. JoAnne is now Mrs. Lewis Rinehart of Eddyville, Iowa, and Louis lives in Phoenix, Arizona.

   Louis and Ida Holmes' youngest child, Josephine, was married to Charles J. Begg in Chicago, Ill. in May 31, 1928. They had one son, James Holmes, born in Creston, Iowa in 1930. Submitted by Rev. Roger Manners

   My father, John Manners, was the youngest of the nine children of Joseph and Mary Jane Hazelett Manners, the only one born in Wahoo, on July 23, 1976. My mother, Edna Bell Manners, was the child of Eliza Jenny Barnes and Ephraim Bell, born in Bloomfield, Davis County, Iowa on Aug. 17, 1878. Her father died when she was an infant. Her mother married Henry Rand, and they moved to a farm northeast of Colon, Nebraska. Later, they moved to Wahoo where Henry Rand was a constable until his death in 1927.

   John and Edna Bell had four sons, all born in what is now the kitchen of the family home at 563 West 8th St. in Wahoo. The sons, Howard, Richard, and I, Rev. Roger E. Manners, are discussed in separate stories. The fourth son, Gordon Joseph, suffered a tragic death from hydrophobia at the age of 8 in 1918.

   John Manners began work as a boy telephone operator at the age of 12, and retired in 1934 as area manager of the Lincoln Telephone Company. He served for forty years as Chief of the Wahoo Fire Department, was a member of the Board of Education at the time the first unit of the Wahoo High School was built in 1913, and was a Deacon of the First Congregational Church. He was president of the Nebraska State Volunteer Firemen's Association.

   Edna Bell married John Manners in Cedar Bluffs on Aug. 1, 1906. She was an accomplished pianist and gave private lessons in her home until her death in 1940. She was also a member of the Wahoo Public Library Board from its founding until her death. She had terms as president of the Wahoo Mother's Club, the Mendelssohn Club at the time it became the Women's Club, and served the First Congregational Church as Superintendent of the Sunday School, as Choir Director and pianist.

   I take deep pride in the lifetime my father invested in service to the Wahoo community as a business man, fireman, and officer of his church. Submitted by Rev. Roger E. Manners

   John Richard Manners married Violet Schroeder, daughter of Frank and Nettie Schroeder, in 1934. They lived in Seward for a good many years where "Dick" was employed by the Lincoln Telephone Co., as his father, John Manners, had been. Their daughter, Marcia Kay, married William Arney of Wahoo. They had one son, Billy Flint Arney, who now lived in Lincoln. After her divorce, Marcia took back her maiden name, and now lived with her mother in the old Manners home on West 8th Street. "Dick" Manners moved back to Wahoo, where he managed the service station of his father-in-law, Frank Schroeder, before entering his final employment in the Wahoo Police Department. At the time of his death on Mar. 13, 1973, he had held the joint position of Fire Chief and Police Chief of the City of Wahoo for some years. An outgoing, friendly man, "Dick" is remembered for his complete devotion to the public good. Along the way, he also had his own Firestone Store on Broadway between 4th and 5th Streets, and worked for the U.S. Postal Service as a star carrier.

   Tribute from Roger Manners: My brother, Richard, like his father, devoted himself to the public safety and order of the community. One of my vivid memories of Wahoo in later years is sitting parked in Dick's police cruiser, on a hilltop southwest of Wahoo, late one spring evening, watching for a tornado. Dick did not want to alarm people by setting off the sirens too soon. That night, as it happened, the storm missed the town, striking some farms. People in town went to bed unaware of the potential menace to life and property. Dick was like that; he loved our town, and its people, and went to all lengths to serve them. In this, his life reflected the values gained from his father and mother, his Aunt Minnie, and all the rest of the fairly numerous Manners family members who were among the earliest settlers of Wahoo. Submitted by Rev. Roger E. Manners

   Joseph and Mary Jane Manners were married in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, on Dec. 30, 1851. When Joseph brought his wife and eight children (a ninth child, John, was born in Wahoo) from Walnut City, Iowa to Wahoo in 1874, he opened a large general store in a two-story frame building located on the southwest corner of 5th and Broadway. He had served in the Civil War in the 11th Iowa Infantry at Shiloh, Corinth, and Vicksburg. When a prisoner of war he chewed up his papers and swallowed them so that his captors would not gain any information from them.

Seated: Mary Jane Hazelett Manners; Standing, L. to R.: Josephine, Eunice, Eva, John, Minnie and Ida.

   Joseph was a leading member of the Reformed Presbyterian (Scottish Covenanter) Church, serving as deacon for 20 years and an elder for 22 years. The original church stood on the 5th Street hill, later being moved to 7th and Linden. It was sold to the Presbyterian Church after the Ref. Presbyterian was dissolved.

   Joseph's home provided open hospitality for ministers and other settlers moving west, and Mary Jane was a generous hostess, diligent in caring for sick neighbors. Joseph died on Nov. 13, 1903, and Mary Jane lived in the family home on Wahoo's west side until her death on Nov. 23, 1920.

   Joseph and Mary Jane's children were: James Renwick, 1855-1874; Eva Jane, born in Louisa County, Iowa, Nov. 22, 1858, and married in Wahoo to N.H. Barnes, June 30, 1879, had nine children and lived in Davenport, Iowa; George Hazelett, 1861-1880; Ida May, Oct. 6, 1865-July 19, 1957, married Louis E. Holmes in Wahoo, on Oct. 6, 1884. For the fifth child see Minnie Bell Manners. Sixth child was Anna Margaret Manners, Sept. 18, 1870-Aug. 14, 1894. Anna married Joseph Chez in Wahoo on Sept. 16, 1891. Anna's daughter, Frances Chez made her home in Wahoo with Minnie Manners for a time.

   Joseph and Mary Jane's 7th and 8th children were identical twins, Josephine and Eunice, born July 26, 1873. Josephine married Willis R. Watt at Wahoo on Dec. 12, 1894. They lived in Monmouth, Ill., and also in Minden and Hastings, Nebraska. Eunice was married to George L. Crinklaw. (See separate story.)

   The ninth child of Joseph and Mary Jane Hazelett Manners was John Manners who spent his life in Wahoo. (See John and Edna Manners.) Submitted by Rev. Roger E. Manners

   Minnie Bell Manners, fifth child of Joseph and Mary Jane Manners, was born April 18, 1868, Appanoose County, Iowa, and died in Fremont, Nebraska, Sept. 20, 1954. She spent most of her life in Wahoo, where she taught in the public schools for 51 years, and was the first president of the Wahoo Public Library Board. An official resolution of Mayor L.D. Torrens and the City Council named her "President Emeritus" shortly before her death on July 26, 1954. Although she remained a staunch member of the Reformed Presbyterian Church all of her life, she taught Sunday School in the First Congregational Church and attended its services faithfully for many years, after the Reformed Presbyterian Church in Wahoo was dissolved.

   In addition to her own story, I can think of some additional anecdotes concerning Miss Minnie B. Manners. She taught in the Wahoo Schools for 51 years. I recall her response at a public meeting in her honor at Wahoo High School, saying to Paul Seidel, Superintendent of Schools, "On an occasion like this, I feel like 'The Brook.' 'Men may come, and men may go, But I go on forever.'" She did not of course, but did stay an active teacher long enough to have in her classes grandchildren of some of her earlier pupils!

   Aunt Min was the personification of dignity. One evening in 1952, she and her sister, Mrs. Eunice Crinklaw, rode with me to a community service in the Methodist Church, celebrating the completion of the Revised Standard Version of the Bible translation. As I was then Minister of the Countryside Community Church in Omaha, and had been a student at Yale during part of the period when this translation was being made, I was the invited speaker of the evening. I have no idea what I said, but I'll never forget seeing the two ladies walk down the center aisle, until Aunt Eunice hissed to Aunt Min in a loud whisper heard by all, "Min! Where's your skirt?" Aunt Min, noting that she was clad only in a slip from her blouse down, calmly returned to the car, where she found it lying in the street. Apparently, she was losing so much weight that the skirt had slipped off as she got out of the car. She, thinking it was some scarf on the floor of the car, had simply kicked it aside. She brushed it off as best she could, climbed into it, and returned with calm poise to the church, taking her place as if nothing had happened.

   Aunt Min was a confirmed Reformed Presbyterian, and never took her membership from that body, even though she attended the First Congregational Church morning and evening for nearly fifty years, teaching the adult Ladies Bible class for most of those years. The Covenanters, as the Reformed Presbyterians were called, sang only psalms, scorning other hymns as "man-made." Therefore, Aunt Min never sang a hymn unless the words came from the Book of Psalms. Our minister was tone deaf, and so, during the years that I was in high school and at Luther College, allowed me to pick out the hymns for the evening service at which I played the piano. I discovered one hymn which Aunt Min always sang lustily, as the words were taken from a psalm. We sang it often, until my mother discovered that my motivation was the fact that Min always sang the high notes slightly off-key. Aunt Min never knew why we suddenly stopped singing this favorite of hers.

   When I was ordained a Minister by the Lincoln Association of Congregational Churches in September, 1945, I had to confront what I thought was a rather gruelling examination by the ordination

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